arrays - PHP stmt_bind_assoc() function reference -

same question guy 7 years ago: http://php.net/manual/en/mysqli-stmt.fetch.php#83073

this function takes metadata prepared sql query, $stmt, allows retrieve multiple rows many columns through array provided in $out.

function stmt_bind_assoc(&$stmt, &$out) {     $data = mysqli_stmt_result_metadata($stmt);     $fields = array();     $out = array();      $fields[0] = $stmt;     $count = 1;      while($field = mysqli_fetch_field($data)) {         $fields[$count] = &$out[$field->name];         $count++;     }        call_user_func_array('mysqli_stmt_bind_result', $fields); } 

from here: http://php.net/manual/en/mysqli-stmt.fetch.php#82742

used such:

if ($stmt = $mysqli->prepare("select user_id, user_name user user_id=?")) {     $stmt->bind_param('i', $userid);     $stmt->execute();     $stmt->store_result();      $rowdata = array(); //create array hold data in returned row     stmt_bind_assoc($stmt, $rowdata); //get values in row      while ($stmt->fetch()) { //store events data         $returneddata = new somerandomobject($rowdata['user_id'], $rowdata['user_name']);     } } 

each time while loop looped through, $rowdata array update next row's column values.

the problem when try store $rowdata array's keys , values in array.

while ($stmt->fetch()) { //store events data     $arrayofallrows[] = $rowdata; } 

because of references in stmt_bind_assoc, $arrayofallrows, after while loop executes, contain bunch of references last $rowdata array generated, instead of having 10 different rows, 10 copies of same row.

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my question is: how references work in stmt_bind_assoc, , how can make entire $rowdata array copied $arrayofallrows?

    $stmt->execute(); $rows = array(); stmt_bind_assoc($stmt, $row); while ($stmt->fetch())     {     $rows[] = array_copy($row);     }  break; }  function array_copy(array $array) { $result = array(); foreach($array $key => $val)     {     if (is_array($val))         {         $result[$key] = arraycopy($val);         }     elseif (is_object($val))         {         $result[$key] = clone $val;         }       else         {         $result[$key] = $val;         }     }  return $result; }